Guverinoma y’u Bufaransa yahirimye: Impamvu Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yahiritse Guverinoma ya François Bayrou

Byanditswe na HAKIZIMANA Maurice

Ku mugoroba wo ku wa mbere tariki ya 8/09/2025, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko (Assemblée nationale) yatoye ku bwiganze bukomeye ko yatakarije icyizere Guverinoma ya François Bayrou. Minisitiri w’Intebe rero yahatiwe kwegura, bikaba bimaze kuba ku nshuro ya gatatu mu mwaka umwe Perezida agomba kongera kugena undi Minisitiri w’Intebe umusimbura.

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François Bayrou, tariki ya 4 Nzeri 2025 – Ifoto: Bertrand GUAY / AFP

François Bayrou n’abaminisitiri be bamazeho amezi make gusa. Ku wa mbere, tariki ya 8 Nzeri, abadepite batoye ku bwinshi gutakariza icyizere Guverinoma. Hatowe niba yakomeza kuba umukuru wa guverinoma: amajwi 364 yatoye “Oya” naho 194 gusa atora “Yego”.

Minisitiri w’Intebe, ari nawe wahamagaje iri tora, ahatiwe gutanga ubwegure bwe n’ubwa guverinoma ye yose kuri Perezida wa Repubulika.

Iyi ni inshuro ya kabiri Minisitiri w’Intebe ahirikwa n’abadepite, nyuma ya Michel Barnier wahiritswe ku wa 4 Ukuboza 2024, bigaragaza cyane ihungabana rya politiki mu Bufaransa kuva aho Emmanuel Macron yatorewe manda ya kabiri muri 2022 no kuva igihe yasheshe inteko agahamagaza amatora y’Inteko yihutirwa mu mpeshyi ya 2024, amatora yasize Inteko irimo ukutumvikana kwinshi kandi nta bwiganze bwo kuyobora.

Ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’uku kudatekana ni umubare w’Abaminisitiri b’Intebe Abafaransa bamaze kwirukanwa nyuma bakaza gusimburwa. Muri 2024 honyine hirukanywe bane barasimburwa.Abo ni: Elisabeth Borne, Gabriel Attal, Michel Barnier na François Bayrou. Ugereranyije, uyu mubare urengejeho babiri bariho mu myaka itanu ya manda ya mbere ya Macron (Édouard Philippe na Jean Castex).

François Bayrou, Minisitiri w’Intebe wa gatandatu wa Macron, yamazeho iminsi 269 ku buyobozi. Ni manda ya kane ngufi cyane mu mateka ya Repubulika ya Gatanu, inyuma ya Gabriel Attal (iminsi 189), Bernard Cazeneuve (iminsi 160) na Michel Barnier (iminsi 90). Uku guhora hahindurwa abayobozi mu gihe cy’umwaka n’igice gishize byagize ingaruka ku Nteko no muri Sena: guverinoma zasimburanye zatanze umubare muto w’amategeko, zikarekera abadepite n’abasenateri ububasha bwinshi.

Impamvu imwe ku yindi François Bayrou na guverinoma ye “bihiritswe”

1. Ireme ry’imiyoborere riri mu macakubiri akomeye
Kuva mu matora yihutirwa ya Kamena 2024, Inteko y’u Bufaransa nta bwiganze igira. Amashyaka atatu akomeye (Ishyaka riheza inguni y’ibumoso, ishyaka ry’imberabyombi (hagati-hagati) hamwe n’ishyaka riheza inguni y’iburyo) ahora mu ntambara, bigatuma nta guverinoma ikomeye ishoboka.
N’ab’igitinyiro cyo hagati n’ab’ishyaka ry’ibidukikije bahisemo kwigira mu ruhande ruheza inguni, birushaho gusenya amahirwe y’ihuriro ryuzuye.

2. Umubare munini w’abaturage bamwamaganye akigera ku butegetsi
Guhera mu Kuboza 2024, ubushakashatsi bwa Ifop-Fiducial bwagaragaje ko 64% by’Abafaransa batishimiye ishyirwaho rye nka Minisitiri w’Intebe, bakaba baranateganyaga ko azahirima vuba.

3. Ibyo guhirikwa byagiye biza kenshi ariko akihagararaho
Bayrou yabashije gusimbuka nibura inshuro umunani ku byemezo byo kumuhirika, ahanini bitewe n’uko Inteko itahitaga idatora.Ariko iki gitutu gihoraho cyerekanye ko ubutegetsi bwe bwari bworoshye guhirikwa, bituma ananirwa gushyira mu bikorwa ivugurura ry’ingenzi.

4. Gahunda y’ikirenga yo kugabanya amadeni (n’ikiguzi cy’ubuzima) yakunzwe n’abatari bake
Mu Nzeri 2025, Bayrou yakoze igihambaye: ashingira ubuzima bwa guverinoma ye ku mushinga ukomeye wo kuzigama miliyari 44 z’amayero, gukuraho iminsi ibiri ya konji, n’izindi ngamba zitari zikunzwe.
Uyu mushinga wakomwe imbere n’amashyaka yose, kuva ibumoso kugera iburyo, bamwamagana byihuse.

5. Ihirima rya nyuma: ikimwaro cya politiki n’agasuzuguro k’inzego
Ku wa 8 Nzeri 2025, Bayrou yatsinzwe mu itora ry’icyizere we ubwe yihamagarije: amajwi 194 yaramushyigikiye, 364 aramwamagana, n’abadepite 15 barifata. Ni ubwa mbere mu mateka ya Repubulika ya Gatanu Minisitiri w’Intebe ahirikwa n’itora ry’icyizere.

Byari bitegerejwe: amashyaka yose atavuga rumwe na we—LFI, RN, ab’ibidukikije n’abasocialistes—bamaze kugaragaza kare ko bazamutora “Oya”.
Mu gihe cy’inteko yateranye, Bayrou yagerageje kwisobanura ngo arebe niba yabisohokamo mu buryo bwa politiki, ashinja igihugu kuba mu “miterere y’ihungabana ridashira”, yanga iseswa ry’Inteko yise “igisubizo kibi kurusha ibindi”, kandi ashinja abadepite aho gushinja abaturage.

François Bayrou yahisemo “gushyira imbere y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ubusugire bwa Guverinoma” ku mushinga we w’ingengo y’imari, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 igika cya 1 cy’Itegeko Nshinga.
Ibi byari inshuro ya 42 ingingo ya 49.1 ikoreshejwe muri Repubulika ya Gatanu. Mbere ya Bayrou, nta na rimwe “49.1” yari yatumye guverinoma ihirimwa. Iyi mpinduka, yagendaga isa n’itarinda kwirindwa, yabaye iya mbere kuva mu 1958.

Iheruka gukoresha 49.1 yari muri Nyakanga 2020, nta ngaruka: icyo gihe Macron na Minisitiri w’Intebe we Jean Castex bari bafite ubuyobozi bwuzuye mu Nteko.

Ukuboza 2024: Barnier ahirimwa

Ku mpera za 2024, itegurwa ry’ingengo y’imari ya 2025 ryahungabanije guverinoma yoroheje ya Minisitiri w’Intebe Michel Barnier. Ku ya 2 Ukuboza, yahisemo gukoresha 49.3 kugira ngo ashyireho ingengo y’imari ya Sécurité sociale (ni nk’ubwisungane mu kubaho) atabanje kubaza Inteko.

Ku ya 4 Ukuboza, ab’ishyaka ry’ibumoso batanga icyemezo cyo kumuhirika, bafashijwe n’amajwi ya RN, batanga amajwi 331 arenga igipimo cy’ubwiganze bukenewe. Michel Barnier ahatirwa kwegura.

Icyo gihe ni bwo bwa mbere guverinoma ihirimwa kubera gukoresha 49.3, ingingo yagiye ihabwa akato.

Ingingo ya 49.3 imaze gukoreshwa inshuro 86 mu mateka ya Repubulika ya Gatanu, harimo inshuro 35 ku butegetsi bwa Macron.

Ukwakira 1962: Pompidou ahirimwa

Mu Ukwakira 1962, ni ingingo ya 49.2, izwi nka “censure spontanée”, yakoreshejwe kugira ngo bahagarike umushinga wa Charles de Gaulle wo gutora Perezida mu buryo bwa rubanda rugufi.

Abadepite bo mu mashyaka menshi (ab’iberabyombi (hagati-hagati), abademokarate Gaturika, abasosiyalisiti, abahezanguni (radicaux) n’abigenga b’iburyo) bariyunze bashyiraho icyemezo gihuriza hamwe amajwi.

Inteko yagaragaje ko itishimiye gutakaza ububasha bwo gutorera Perezida mu Nteko, inagaragaza impungenge zo guha Perezida ububasha bukabije.

Ibiganiro byatangiye ku ya 4 Ukwakira mu mutuzo mucye, Georges Pompidou asabwa ibisubizo inshuro nyinshi. Yavuze ko mu gihe habaho kwitambika, “igihugu kizabyihitiramo” binyuze muri kamarampaka (referandumu).

Censure(kubyanga) byemejwe n’abadepite 280, barusha amajwi 39 hejuru y’ubwiganze bwari bukenewe. Ku nshuro ya mbere mu mateka ya Repubulika ya Gatanu, guverinoma irahirikwa. Pompidou ashyikiriza ubwegure bwe perezida De Gaulle, na we asesa Inteko.

Referandumu ryo ku ya 28 Ukwakira yahaye intsinzi isobanutse umushinga wo gutora Perezida mu buryo bwa rubanda rugufi, n’amezi make nyuma ab’ishyaka rya gaullistes(bo ku ruhande rwa perezida) batsinda amatora y’Inteko.

Ingingo ya 49.2 imaze gukoreshwa inshuro 69 mu mateka ya Repubulika ya Gatanu, harimo inshuro 14 ku butegetsi bwa Macron.

Inkomoko: AFP

Iyi si,

Mwalimu HAKIZIMANA MauriceII Kanda hano ukurikire Channel yanjye ya WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaCyM5ILdQejDYwQ2b2u II Kurikira urupapuro rwanjye rwa Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/professormaurice/