NYIRAYUHI V KANJOGERA-YARI MUNTU KI?

Yanditswe na: HAKIZIMANA Maurice

Kanjogera yavutse ahagana mu 1847, avukira i Rugaragara, Budaha. Ni umukobwa wa shefu Rwakagara na Nyiramashyongoshyo, umukobwa wa Mukotanyi wo mu muryango wa Banyiginya n’umuryango wa Baka. Binyuze kuri se, Kanjogera ni umwe mu bagize umuryango wa Bega n’umuryango ukomeye wa Bakagara cyangwa abakomoka kuri Rwakagara.

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Umuryango wa Kanjogera

Ava inda imwe na Nyamashaza, mukuru we, ndetse na Cyigenza na Mbanzabigwi, barumuna be bombi. Kanjogera kandi ni mushiki (basangiye nyina) wa Giharamagara (ari we Senyamuhara), Nyamushanja, Ruhinajo, Ruhinankiko, Kabare, Rwibishenga, Sharibabaza, Ryahama, Rwabigwi, Rwandoha, Segatwa, Rubera, Nsekarubera, Shengenya, Ilibagiza, Nyirandiliki na Ikinani, bose bavutse ku bagore batandukanye. Kanjogera avuka mu muryango w’abana makumyabiri n’umwe bose (bahuje se,kuri ba nyina benshi).

Imbaraga z’umuryango we zishingiye ku kuba yaratanze abagabekazi babiri b’u Rwanda, abagore bane b’abami, abatware bagera kuri makumyabiri ndetse na perezida w’u Rwanda. Mu byukuri, abavandimwe ba Kanjogera, Kabari, Ruhinankiko, Nyamushanja, Giharamaragara (Senyamuhara) kimwe n’abishywa be nka Sekaragwenyera, Rwabutogo, Rwidegembiya, Rwubusisi, Gakirage, Kayondo, Sekaryongo, Bangambiki, Hitiyise, Rwagataraka, Mukimbiri, Ndakebuka, Kanubana, Ruhongeka, Rwiririza, Rutaremara, Kimonyo, Gisagara, Rwigema  Ngarambe, Mwikarago, Nkubito, Mbaraga, Karuretwa, Nyanjwenge, Ruremesha, Naho, Ntunda, Rwakayiru, Ngoga, Kabasha, Karinganire, Rwabuyanga, Rwigemera (se) na Rwigemera (umuhungu we) barabaye bose mu bayobozi bakomeye b’u Rwanda. Abishywa ba Kanjogera na mwishywa we nka Kagisha, Nyirakabuga, Kankazi na Mukaruhinda bashakanye n’umuhungu we bwite, Umwami Yuhi V Musinga. Kankazi yaje kuba umwamikazi w’u Rwanda. Abandi bishywa nka Kampororo, Bwisimbi na Kabanyana bari abagore b’abatware cyangwa abategarugori bagaragiye ba nyina b’umwamikazi w’u Rwanda. Umwuzukuru wa Kanjogera, ari we Paul Kagame, mwene Rutagambwa, ubwe akaba umuhungu wa Kampayana, na we wa Cyigenza, kuri ubu ni Perezida w’u Rwanda umaze ku ngoma imyaka isaga 30 kuko yabanje kuva visi perezida.

Kanjogera arongorwa akagirwa umugore wa 10 wa Kigeli IV Rwabugiri

Avuye mu bwangavu, ahagana mu Kwakira 1861, Kanjogera yarongowe n’Umwami Kigeli IV Rwabugiri wari ku ngoma kuva mu 1853. Imihango y’ubukwe ibera i Ngara, i Bumbogo (Rubungo). Dukurikije imigenzo y’uruhererekanemvugo, guhura bwa mbere kwa Kanjogera n’Umwami Kigeli Rwabugiri byabaye bimwe bavuga kurwara indege ako kanya ugikubita amaso umuntu (coup de foudre). Akimukubita amaso umwami Kigeli uwo munsi, yahise ahwera,maze aha uwo mukobwa wa Rwakagara ubushyo bunini bw’inka z’ingoma ndetse n’inzu i Kabuye, mu gace ka Jabana. Kanjogera yimukiyeyo mu 1862 kandi buri gihe yasurwaga n’umugabo we.

Yikoreshaga uruzinduko rwa cyami kenshi, akahisiringa kubera urukundo rwinshi; maze Rwabugiri akunda kandi akundwakaza Kanjogera ivumbi riratumuka. Nyuma yo gukuramo inda incuro nyinshi, amaherezo Kanjogera yibarutse umuhungu wabo wa mbere Munana, ahagana mu 1870. Nyuma y’imyaka mike, ahagana mu 1883, yibarutse umuhungu wabo wa kabiri Musinga. Ibyishimo bya Kigeli Rwabugiri noneho biba byinshi. Yahise aha andi mazu Kanjogera ahitwa Giseke, ahitwa Nyagisenyi, Bweramvura i Kinihira, Gatsibo muri Mitoma mu Mutara, Bweramvura muri Rutongo, Mwima muri Nyanza na Sakara muri Gisaka. Kanjogera yahawe amazu umunani yose maze Rwabugiri amugira umugore akunda agakundwaka mu bandi bagore be bose icumi. Iri zina ry’umugore w’inkundwakazwa w’umwami w’u Rwanda ryatumye ab’ibwami bose batangira kumuramya no kumusingiza urugero nko mu ndirimbo “Ikibasumba” (igishongore gisumba abandi bagore bose), kuri ubu izwi ku izina rya Sebatunzi. Urukundo hagati y’Umwami Kigeli Rwabugiri na Kanjogera rwanabyaye indi ndirimbo nka “imitoma”, yahimbwe n’Umwamikazi Karira kandi izwi cyane mu muzingo wa Ruzamba, Rujindiri, Rutangira na Kabalira.

Urukundo rwa Kigeli Rwabugiri kuri Kanjogera ntabwo rwatanze umusaruro mu buhanzi gusa, ahubwo rwanagiriye akamaro barumuna ba Kanjogera haba mu bukungu ndetse no muri politiki: musaza we Ruhinankiko yakiriye ikiganza cya Nyiramukesha, mushiki w’umwami Rwabugiri, ndetse n’amategeko teka akomeye yinjije ubukungu bwinshi; undi muvandimwe we Kabare yakiriye ukuboko kwa Kamarashavu, umukobwa nyine w’umwami Rwabugiri, anahabwa kuba umutware w’umutwe witwara gisirikare witwaga Abashakamba hamwe n’umutwe w’inka zitwaga Impeta-Umuhozi; murumuna we Mbanzabigwi agirwa umutware w’ingabo z’ Impamakwica; barumuna be Giharamagara (Senyamuhara) na Nyamushanja, na bo, batwara umutwe wa Uruyange n’ubushyo bwa Ingeyo. Ahagana mu 1886, Munana, umwana w’imfura wa Rwabugiri na Kanjogera, yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye.Byabateye agahinda kenshi,kenshi cyane.

Kanjogera aba umugabekazi

Ku ya 22 Ukuboza 1889, Kanjogera yimitswe nk’umugabekazi usimbuye nyina wa Rutarindwa, undi muhungu wa Kigeli Rwabugiri. Kubera ko nyina wa Rutarindwa yari amaze igihe kinini apfuye,Rwabugiri ahitamo Kanjogera nka “nyina w’umwamikazi” wa Rutarindwa (wamureraga) kubera urukundo yamukundaga. Guhitamo Kanjogera nk’umubyeyi w’umwamikazi ntibyemewe n’abashinzwe kurinda “umuco n’umugenzo bya cyami” mu bwami bw’u Rwanda, kubera ko Kanjogera yari asanzwe afite umuhungu,umurwagwa Musinga, ndetse no kuba akomoka mu muryango wa se wa Rwabugiri, Mutara II Rwogera, yari yarasibye ku rutonde rw’imiryango itanga ababyeyi b’umwamikazi mu Rwanda.

Ubwo rero, Rutarindwa yimitswe nk’umwami w’umufasha wa Kigeli Rwabugiri maze ahabwa izina rya Mibambwe IV. Kanjogera yimitswe ku ngoma nka Nyiramibambwe IV, abisabwe n’umugabo we. Mu rwego rwo kwishimira kwimikwa kwa Kanjogera nka nyina w’umwamikazi utwite, umuhanzi Rudakemwa yahimbye igitero cyitwa “Nyiramibambwe” cyaje kuba urufatiro abandi bane bakomerejeho ibitero byitwa Gisiribobo, Rujindiri, Rutangira na Kabalira.

Kigeli V Rwabugiri apfa,Kanjogera apfakara

Muri Nzeri 1895, Umwami Kigeli IV Rwabugiri yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye ubwo yari yaragiye ku rugamba, maze uwahoze ari umwami w’umufasha we, Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa, amusimbura ku ngoma ariko ategekana n’umugabekazi Nyiramibambwe IV Kanjogera yubahiriza ibyifuzo bya Rwabugiri.

Nyuma yo gushyingura Kigeli Rwabugiri hariya i Rutare n’imihango y’icyunamo/kwezwa yabereye i Kiyanja (Masango), Umugabekazi Nyiramibambwe Kanjogera na barumuna be babiri basangiye nyina Kabare na Ruhinankiko bateguye gahunda yo guhirika ku ngoma Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa no kwimika, mu mwanya we, Musinga, umuhungu bwite wa Kanjogera.

Kanjogera amena amaraso menshi ku Rucunshu

Ibi byo guhirika ku ngoma Rutarindwa byatewe n’uko ngo Musinga ari we muragwa nyawe, binakomezwa n’uko ngo Mibambwe Rutarindwa atari umuhungu bwite wa Kigeli Rwabugiri, ahubwo ni umuhungu yareraga atibyariye.

Aya makimbirane y’ikambere yo guhirika ku butegetsi umwami uganje wasizwe n’umwami Kigeli yabyaye imitwe ibiri ihanganye: abashyigikiye Musinga n’abashyigikiye Mibambwe. Itsinda rya mbere rya Kanjogera,rinarimo barumuna be babiri (basangiye nyina) Kabare na Ruhinankiko, ndetse n’inshuti zabo, umutware Rutishereka, inshuti ya Kabare, igikomangoma Baryinyonza, imandwa ya Ruhinankiko ndetse n’umurinzi w’umuco n’ingoma Rukangirashyamba. Musinga wari ukiri muto cyane ntiyari azi aho biva n’aho bijya. Ubwo rero we ntitwamubariramo. Itsinda rishyigikiye Mibambwe, rigizwe n’umwami ubwe, abayobozi n’abarinzi b’umuco n’ingoma biyemeje gukurikiza amabwiriza ya Kigeli Rwabugiri. Aba, hamwe n’abandi, Rutikanga, Kibaba, umutware Bisangwa,igikomangoma n’umutware Muhigirwa, umutware Mugugu, igikomangoma n’umutware Karara, ndetse n’umutware Cyoya.

Kuva muri Mutarama 1896, abari ku ruhande rwa Musinga nako rwa Kanjogera batangiye guca intege abo ku ruhande batavuga rumwe nabo bica nta mpuhwe abatware Mugugu, Bisangwa n’umuragwa we Sehene, ndetse no kwiyegereza igikomangoma Muhigirwa mu buryo butaziguye.

Umwuka mubi muri politiki warushijeho kuba mubi cyane ahagana 1896. Mu mpera z’uyu mwaka, abanyarwanda bashyigikiye ibyo bice byombi bagendanaga amacumu,imihoro, imiheto n’imyambi mu ntoki ubona basa n’abiteguye akantu, mu gihe bagitegereje intambara yeruye. Hanyuma mu Ukuboza 1896,haba akantu ku Rucunshu. Imirwano ikarishye yabaye umunsi wose irangira Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa n’abagore be n’abahungu be batatu bose bitwikira mu nzu. Jenoside yo ku Rucunshu,cyangwa se nk’uko bamwe bayita, “kudeta yo ku Rucunshu”, cyangwa “Intambara yo ku Rucunshu” yarose nyuma y’amezi cumi n’atandatu Kigeli IV Rwabugiri apfuye. Mu muvu w’amaraso menshi, iryo hirikwa ry’ubutegetsi, ryashyize ku ngoma Kanjogera, urebye wateegekaga u Rwanda mu izina ry’umuhungu we Musinga, ryatumye bimuka bava ku Rucunshu batura i Rwamiko (Nyamabuye).

Umuhungu wa Kanjogera yimikwa, mu muvu w’amaraso menshi

Mu ntangiriro za Gashyantare (ukwezi kwa 2) muri 1897, Musinga yimikiwe i Runda, hafi ya Gihara, ahabwa izina rya Yuhi V maze na nyina Kanjogera areka izina rya mbere rya Nyiramibambwe IV yitwa Nyirayuhi V. Nguko uko, Kanjogera yabaye umugabekazi wategetse u Rwanda ku ngoma ebyiri zikurikiranye. Nta kindi gihe byari byigeze bibaho mu Mateka. Muri 1899, Yuhi Musinga na Nyirayuhi Kanjogera bagiye gutura i Mwima, muri Nyanza. Kuva muri uwo mwaka kugeza muri 1961, Nyanza yabaye umurwa mukuru, icyicaro cy’umwami w’u Rwanda.

Kubera intege nke n’ubwana bya Yuhi Musinga, umugabekazi Nyirayuhi Kanjogera yabaye igikomerezwa aba umuntu ukomeye Nimero ya mbere mu Rwanda. Hamwe na bene se Kabare, Ruhinankiko na nyuma yaho, Musinga, Nyirayuhi Kanjogera yategekesheje u Rwanda inkoni y’icyuma. Nta cyemezo na kimwe cyafatwaga atabanje kugitangira uruhushya kandi nta rubanza na rumwe rwacirwaga nta gitekerezo cye.

Ijambo rye ryari itegeko. Yicaga uwo ashaka agakiza uwo ashaka nta wakopforaga. Kugira ngo abungabunge imbaraga ze kandi akomeze kugenzura inzego zose z’igihugu, Kanjogera yashyizeho abo mu muryango we bwite mu bushorishori bw’inzego zose z’ubutegetsi. Yashyingiye bishywa be Nyirakabuga, Kagisha, Kankazi na Mukaruhinda umuhungu we, umwami Yuhi Musinga bityo abona uko akomeza kumugenzura nta bwinyagamburiro. Hanyuma, Kanjogera ashyira bishywa be Rwidegembya, Rwubusisi na Kayondo mu myanya yo hejuru mu butegetsi aho bamureberera byose.

Ku ngoma ya Kanjogera-n’Ababiligi, ibihe bigoye cyane

Igihe Kanjogera yabicaga bigacika, amaherezo, ku ya 20 Werurwe (ukwa 3) 1897,mu Rwanda hatungutse Kapiteni Hans Von Ramsay, umusirikare w’Umudage wari ukuriye ikigo cya gisirikare cya Udjiji akaba n’intumwa ya Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga y’Ubudage. Yaje agana i bwami aho yamenyesheje urukiko rw’umwami ko ubu u Rwanda rugiye gukingirwa n’Ubudage,ko mbese rubaye intara (koloni) y’Ubudage.

Nyuma y’imyaka mike, hadutse intambara ya I y’isi yose, maze muri 1916, Abadage basimburwa mu Rwanda n’Ababiligi batsinze imirwano y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.

Kuva muri 1916 kugeza muri 1924, u Rwanda rwigaruriwe n’Ababiligi,barugira nk’intara yarwo mu mwanya w’Abadage. Hanyuma, guhera muri 1924, Ububiligi buhabwa n’Umuryango w’Ibihugu manda yo kuragizwa u Rwanda. Ku rwego rwa politiki n’ubutegetsi, bivuze ko ubutegetsi bw’Ababiligi bwategekanaga n’ubutegetsi bwa Yuhi Musinga na Nyirayuhi Kanjogera.

Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cy’Indagizo y’u Rwanda ku Bubiligi,Umwami Musinga n’umugabekazi Kanjogera batangiye gutakaza buhoro buhoro imbaraga, kuko Gikolonize Mbiligi yagendaga irushaho kugira imbaraga: nguko uko Kanjogera n’umuhungu we Musinga batakaje buhoro buhoro rya jambo ryo kwica uwo bashaka no gukiza uwo bashaka, ntibari bakibasha kwihererana abaturage ngo babahane uko babishaka (gushyira ku ngoyi) kuko Ababiligi babaga bari hafi aho, gushyiraho abatware no kubakuraho babikoraga babanje kumenyesha Ababiligi,n’ibindi. Imbaraga zabo zarushijeho gukendera, cyane cyane ko binyuze mu ivugurura ryo muri 1926,igihe hashyirwagaho ivugurura ry’inzego za politiki kugira ngo zihuze n’imitegekere ya kizungu y’ab’ iburengerazuba kandi abayobozi bashya, icyo gihe, bashyirwagaho n’umwami ariko batanzwe n’ubuyobozi bw’Ububiligi.

Nyuma yo gutsembatsemba abari bashyigikiye uwahoze ari Umwami Mibambwe Rutarindwa abicishije inkota, Nyirayuhi Kanjogera na we yahuye n’ivangura ku bo ku ruhande rwatsinze intambara yo ku Rucunshu. Abavandimwe be babiri basangiye nyina Kabare na Ruhinankiko barahanganye, guhera mu 1897, maze bacikamo ibice bibiri bihanganye, buri wese ashaka kuba igikomerezwa mu butegetsi bw’igihugu. Urugamba rwararemye,maze abahungu bombi ba Rwakagara barahangana birangira Kabare ari we utsinze, hari muri 1905, Ruhinankiko aricwa, abantu batabarika baricwa ku mpande zombi, umuvu w’amaraso wongera kumeneka ndetse bivugwa ko abari ingabo z’ubwami bashize abasigaye bagacika intege cyane. Wibuke ko aba bantu ari abavandimwe kandi bagira ga imvugo igira iti “dusangira amaraso ntidusangira amata”.

Hari impugu ubwami butakandagizagamo akarenge

Intangiriro y’ingoma ya Nyirayuhi Kanjogera yahuye n’ikibazo gikomeye cyane cyane kuva muri 1897 kugeza 1911. Nyuma y’itsembatsemba rya Rucunshu,n’umuvu w’amaraso y’abarwaniraga ingoma, hari abatware bakomeye ndetse n’abaturage bo mu turere twinshi two mu Rwanda, cyane cyane Amajyaruguru, bahisemo gufata umwami Yuhi Musinga na Kanjogera nk’abatemewe, ni uko barigomeka. N’ubusanzwe izo mpugu kuva na kera zitwaga “ibuhutu” nta mwami wabavugiragamo, n’ubwo zemeraga ko ari iz’u Rwanda, ariko zarigengaga muri byose.

Impamu byazambye ni uko kuri bo, uwagombaga gusimbura Kigeli Rwabugiri nyawe ari Mibambwe Rutarindwa atari Yuhi Musinga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, banze ubutware bwa nyuma, bahagarika burundu gutanga ikoro n’amaturo bajyaga bohereza mbere, birukana abatware bamwe bakoreshaga ikoro mu izina ry’umwami, ndetse banatera abagize umuryango we, nka nyirasenge Nyamashaza, uva inda imwe na Kanjogera, baranamwica bamutsinda aho yari atuye mu Buriza.

Afashijwe na barumuna be basangiye nyina, Kanjogera yihoreye iyicwa ry’umuvandimwe we, ahangana n’ibikomangoma Muhigirwa, Baryinyonza na Biregeya,arabica bose ndetse asaba Abadage kumufasha bakarwanya impugu zigometse zo mu majaruguru ziyobowe na Ndungutse (Birasisenge), Rukara na Basebya.Iyo bataba Abadage n’imbunda zitwika,igice kinini cy’u Rwanda cyari kuba ikindi gihugu.

Ku ngoma ya Nyirayuhi Kanjogera na Yuhi Musinga ni bwo imyizerere ishingiye ku idini yo mu Burengerazuba yinjijwe mu Rwanda kandi itera imbere aho kugeza aho isibanganya burundu imyizerere gakondo. Gatolika yinjijwe mu Rwanda muri 1900 na ba Padiri b’Abazungu, Abaporotesitanti batangiriye mu “Igihugu cy’imisozi igihumbi”, guhera mu 1907, n’Umuryango wa Beteli w’Abadage, Itorero ry’Abadiventisti b’umunsi wa Karindwi ryashinzwe aho kuva muri1920, igihe abaturage b’u Rwanda batangiraga kwitandukanya buhoro buhoro n’imyizerere gakondo y’u Rwanda.

Kanjogera yemera kwifotoza, Kanjogera asaza

Uko imyaka ishira indi igataha, Nyirayuhi Kanjogera yarakuze arasaza atangira kubura ijambo n’ifato. Ubwoba n’ihahamuka yatezaga i Rwanda bitangira kugabanuka uko imyaka yagiye ihita, cyane ko atari agifite imbaraga zo guhana bikomeye abamutuka.

Kuva mu 1918, yemeye ku bushake kwifotoza afotorwa n’abazungu mu gihe mbere, nta muntu usanzwe wigeze amubona amwegereye. Ntiyemeraga ko hagira umwegera keretse agatsiko ke konyine. Abenshi ntibari bamuzi isura bamureberaga kure.

Umuhungu we, Umwami Yuhi Musinga, atangira kwigirira ikizere gake gake maze buhoro buhoro yikura mu buretwa bwa nyina. Muri 1923, yatanye n’abagore be bose bafitanye isano na nyina maze arongora abandi bo mu yindi miryango abo yihitiyemo. Icyakora, ntiyashoboye kwigobotora burundu nyina, yababajwe cyane n’abajyanama b’ibwami bamusabye, ahagana muri 1928, ko yashyiraho umufasha w’ingoma wo mu babiligi kandi agategeka nyina kwinywesha (kwirangiriza ubuzima,kwiyahura), nk’uko byateganywaga mu mico gakondo ya gitutsi, imico y’ikambere ibuza abagabekazi kubaho ku ngoma y’umwuzukuru wabo.Kanjogera, n’ubwo yicaga abandi, we yakundaga ubuzima cyane ku buryo atemeraga uwo mugenzo gakondo wabo.

Ababiligi bacira ishyanga Musinga na nyina Kanjogera,rubanda rwiruhutsa

Nyuma y’amakimbirane akomeye hagati y’umwami Yuhi Musinga n’ingoma y’Ababiligi, guverineri wungirije wa Ruanda-Urundi, Charles Voisin, yamenyesheje, ku ya 12 Ugushyingo (ukwa 11) 1931, Umwami Musinga na nyina Kanjogera ko boherejwe mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba bw’u Rwanda. Nyuma y’iminsi ibiri, abahoze ari abami bombi kimwe n’abagore barindwi ba Musinga hamwe n’abana babo bato bajyanywe hakurya ya Nyantango na Bunyambiriri.

Urugendo rwabo bose hamwe rwarimo abantu 700, harimo n’abatware 450, rwamaze icyumweru cyose mu nzira ni uko amaherezo bagera inyuma y’ishyamba,i Kamembe,hariya i Shangugu, ahaba nk’igicibwa i Rwanda. Hagati aho, umwe mu bahungu ba Musinga, ari we Rudahigwa, yimitswe ku ya 16 Ugushyingo 1931, ku izina rya Mutara III. Nyina Kankazi, mwishywa wa Kanjogera,ahabwa izina rya Nyiramavugo III. Ng’uko uko Kanjogera yatakaje icyubahiro cye cyose kandi bikarangira abaye igicibwa aho yicaga uwo ashatse agakiza uwo ashatse. Rubanda yewe ndetse n’ab’ikambere, bariruhukije,atari uko umwami Musinga aciwe,ahubwo ari uko nyina Kanjogera abakuwemo.

Aho bari baraciriwe,ntacyo baburaga. Kanjogera kimwe n’umuhungu we Musinga babungabungwaga n’Umwami Mutara Rudahigwa. Yaboherereza buri kwezi amafaranga 2000 y’amanyarwanda kimwe n’ibikomoka ku mata biva mu bushyo bw’inka zabo z’inka 363. I Kamembe, Kanjogera yabayeho rwihishwa cyane,atigaragaza, akajya yakira rwihishwa impano n’amaturo by’abayoboke be bo mu ibanga kimwe n’iby’umuryango we.

Kanjogera apfa

Ku ya 2 Ukwakira (ukwa 10) 1933, Kanjogera yapfiriye i Kamembe. Mu minsi mike yakurikiyeho, umurambo we warateguwe kandi woswa itabi hejuru y’umuriro w’ibiti n’abashinzwe kurinda umuco n’imigenzo bya cyami boherejwe n’umwami Mutara Rudahigwa. Uko koswa bituma umurambo utinda kubora, ni uko ibisigazwa bye biza gupfunyikwa mu gishishwa cy’umuvumu ahambirwa mu birago hakorwa urugendo rurerure rwo kujyanwa i Rutare, ari naho yashyinguwe, muri Mutarama (ukwa 1) 1934, ahashyinguwe umugabo we Kigeli Rwabugiri, ahambwa n’abiru bagera kuri makumyabiri.

Imva ya Kanjogera i Rutare ya Byumba

Muri 1962, ahashyinguwe Nyirayuhi Kanjogera harasuzuguwe hahingwa urutoki ariko nyuma y’imyaka itandatu, imva ye yongeye kuvumburwa icukurwa n’umuhanga mu bucukumbuzi bw’ibyataburuwe mu matongo witwa Francis Van Noten wo mu nzu ndangamurage Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale. Kugeza ubu, umurambo wa Nyirayuhi Kanjogera uruhukiye mu nzu ndangamurage i Huye (mu Rwanda).

Kanjogera yibukwa ate?

Nyirayuhi Kanjogera aracyakomeza kwibukwa mu Rwanda, abo mu bwoko bwe no mu muryango we cyangwa abafite ahi bahuriye nawe baramukunda kubera uburanga we n’imbaraga ze zo kureshya. Bitewe n’imigani myinshi idashobora kwemezwa, Nyirayuhi Kanjogera yashimagijjwe cyane mu ndirimbo izwi cyane “Kanjogera injoge” ya Masamba Intore/Alphonse Butera (2014), mu muzingo w’indirimbo ziswe Imitoma”.

Abandi basigaye, baba abo mu miryango ye batavugaga rumwe nawe kubera imena rye ry’amaraso kongeraho abo muri rubanda bamwumviraga kure, baramuvuma.Hari inkuru zishobora kuba ari mpimbano zivuga ko yari umugome ku buryo ngo « yahagurukiraga ku nkota ye ishinze mu mpinja » za rubanda « rugufi ». Abaharaniraga Repubulika bavugaga ko izo mpinja yashingagamo inkota ye ruhuga ari abana b’abahutu. Birumvikana ko atari byo,ari poropagande.

Yego Kanjogera yari umugome cyane,agera ubwo aba ikimenyetso cy’umugore mubi w’umugome kurusha abandi bose mu Rwanda. Guhagurukira ku mpinja byo ni inkuru mpimbano yumvikanisha ko yari mubi cyane utaragiraraga impuhwe n’impinja !

Iyi si

Umwanditsi HAKIZIMANA Maurice:  II Kunkurikira kuri WhatsApp  Whatsapp https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaCyM5ILdQejDYwQ2b2u II  Kunkurikira kuri page facebook: https://www.facebook.com/professormaurice/

Sources: Delmas Léon, “Ibisekuruza by’abanyacyubahiro (Batutsi) b’u Rwanda”, Kabgayi, Vicariate y’intumwa y’u Rwanda, 1950; Van Noten Francis, “Imva z’umwami Cyirima Rujugira n’Umwamikazi Mama Nyirayuhi Kanjogera. Ibisobanuro byubucukuzi “, Tervuren, RMCA, 1972; KAGAME Alexis, “Incamake y’amateka y’u Rwanda, Umubumbe wa 2: 1853-1972”, Butare, Editions de l’Université nationale du Rwanda, 1975; Burugumesitiri René, “Ubuhamya. Igitabo cya 1-Umubumbe wa 1: umuyobozi w’akarere (1931-1961)”, Tervuren, RMCA, 1982; Ubuyobozi Bukuru bw’ubuco n’Ubugeni, “Ingoma ya Kigeli Rwabugili na Nyirayuhi Kanjogera”, Kigali, Minisiteri y’Amashuri n’Ubushakashatsi mu by’Ubuhanga, 1988; Linden Ian, “Ubukristo n’imbaraga mu Rwanda (1900-199), Paris, Karthala9 Des Forges Alison, “Gutsindwa ninkuru yonyine mbi: u Rwanda ruyobowe na Musinga, 1896-1931”, Madison, Itangazamakuru rya kaminuza ya Wisconsin, 2011. Credits: Dantès Singiza