Indege ya Air Afrique yari ishema ry’umugabane wa Afurika yazimiriye he?

HAKIZIMANA Maurice

Air Afrique – ni izina ryiza cyane cy’ikompanyi y’indege ya Afurika yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1926 ikaza kwitwa (muri 1928) Transafricaine. Iyi kompanyi yahagaze gukora mu mwaka wa 2002 yitwa nanone Air Afrique. Ese wigeze uyimenya? Iyi ndege yari ishema ry’umugabane wa Afurika yazimiriye he?

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Ikigo cyitwaga Régie Air Afrique cyagenzuraga ingendo z’indege cyashinzwe tariki ya 11 Gicurasi 1934 gishinzwe n’Ubufaransa. Intego yari iyo gushyiraho imihanda y’inzira z’indege ikora neza mu bihugu byose bikolonizwa n’u Bufaransa muri Afurika. Ingendo za mbere zayobowe n’icyo kigo zari kuva Alger  kugera Niamey (Bloch MB.120). Urwo rugendo (uwo muhanda) rwaraguwe rwiyongeraho kuva Fort-Lamy kugera Kongo. Buhoro buhoro hongereweho inzira ihuza ibihugu byose byo mu majyaruguru ya Afurika muri 1934. Igihe indege ya Air Afrique yitwaga icyo gihe Transafricaine yari imaze guhama mu mwaka wa 1928 yaje isanga izo ngendo ari nyabagendwa maze ikoreshwa n’icyo kigo. Kuva tariki ya 1 Mutarama 1937 hashinzwe ikigo gishya cyitwa Régie Malgache (muri Madagascar). Izi ndege zakoraga neza kugeza intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose irose, maze zihuza n’iza Air France (mu mwaka wa 1941) kubera intambara.

Ikompanyi ya Transafricaine iba Air Afrique 

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26 Kamena 1961 : Kompanyi ya Air Afrique ishingwa (timbre yatanzwe na République du Congo).

Tariki ya 28 Werurwe 1961 ya Kompanyi y’indege yari yaracwekereye mu ntambara ya kabiri y’isi yose yongeye kubyutswa maze ibihugu cumi na kimwe bya Afurika bikoresha ururimi rw’Igifaransa byishyira hamwe bikorana amasezerano. Intego yari iyo gushyira hamwe imbaraga zose bakubaka ikompanyi y’indege imwe ifite ingufu ku mugabane wa Afurika, dore ko nta gihugu kimwe cyari no kubasha kwigondera kugira kompanyi yacyo bwite y’indege icyo gihe kubera ibibazo by’ubukungu. Buri gihugu muri ibyo 11 cyari gifitemo imigabane ya 6,54 % y’igishoro cyose.

Ibyo bihugu 11 ni : Cameroun ; République Centrafricaine ; Congo-Brazzaville ; Côte d’Ivoire ; Dahomey (ariyo Bénin y’ubu); Gabon ;  Haute-Volta (ariyo Burkina Faso y’ubu) ;  Mauritanie ; Niger ; Sénégal ; na Tchad. Sosiyete yitwa La Sodetraf (ihuriwemo na UTA hamwe na Air France) yajemo ishyiramo imigabane 33 % y’igishoro cyose. Icyicaro gikuru cya kompanyi y’indege Nyafurika cyashyizwe ahantu bahisemo, mu murwa wa Abidjan (muri Côte d’Ivoire). Umuyobozi mukuru wayo (PDG) kuva muri 1961 kugeza 1973 yabaye umunyafurika witwa Cheikh Boubacar Fall (ukomoka muri Sénégal) apfuye vuba aha rwose mu mwaka wa 2006.

Ingendo za mbere za Kompanyi nshya ya Air Afrique zatangiye ku ya 15 Ukwakira 1961. Igihugu cya Togo cyinjiyemo nk’umunyamuryango wa 12 kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 1968. Muri Nzeri 1971 igihugu cya  Cameroun  cyabimburiye ibindi mu kuvamo gikora kompanyi yacyo bwite y’indege ari yo Cameroon Airlines, maze muri 1976 igihugu cya Gabon nacyo kivamo.

  Indege yo mu bwoko bwa  McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 (indege ya Continental Airlines)

  Indege yo mu bwoko bwa Douglas DC-8

Bidatinze kompanyi ya Air Afrique yateye imbere cyane iraguka ndetse itangiza ingendo nshya mu bihugu 22 bya Afurika; Uburayi (yajyaga BordeauxLyonMarseilleNiceParisGenèveZurichRomeLas Palmas) na Amerika (yajyaga New York City). Bigeze mu mpera y’imyaka ya 1970 iyi kompanyi yari yibitseho indege eshatu zo mu bwoko bwa McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, indege zirindwi zo mu bwoko bwa Douglas DC-8, indege nini cyane itwara imizigo gusa (cargo) cyo mu bwoko bwa  DC-8-63F n’indege eshatu zo mu bwoko bw’Impala Caravelle.

Airbus A300.

Mu ntangiriro y’imyaka ya 1980 hiyongereyeho ibyuma bishya bishya kandi bigezweho,indege zo mu bwoko bwa Airbus A300. Muri 2002 iyi kompani yari ifite indege nshya zigezweho zo mu bwoko bwa Airbus A310,  A300A330 hamwe na DC-10.

None se iyi ndege ya Air Afrique yari ishema ry’umugabane wa Afurika yagiye he?

IIKanda hano ujye unkurikira kuri channel on WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaCyM5ILdQejDYwQ2b2

Air Afrique yahuye n’ikibazo cyari hose cy’ibura rya lisansi itwara indege(kérosène) maze abayobozi bakuru bayo bane (Yves Roland-Billecart, Harry Tirvengadum – wahoze ari PDG wa Air Mauritius,na Pape Thiam) bananirwa kubona amafaranga ahagije yo gukomeza ingendo no kwita ku ndege zayo, ni uko mu gushyingo 2001 bahitamo kuba basubitse imirimo yose ya kompanyi.

Ikibazo cy’ubushobozi (umutungo), imicungire mibi y’imali, n’ubushake buke bwa politike y’ibihugu binyamuryango bwo kuyizanzamura,kongeraho ugutakaza agaciro k’ifaranga rusange rya CFA kwabaye muri Mutarama 1994 kugakubita ibintu byose hasi, nibyo byatumye iyi kompanyi ya Air Afrique yari ishema tya Afurika yose nzima yikubita hasi ubutabyutsa umutwe.

Tariki ya 7 Gashyantare 2002 hatangajwe ko Air Afrique yahombye, maze kuya 25 Mata 2002, urukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwa Abidjan rutangaza ko iyo kompanyi isheshwe burundu, nyuma y’imyaka 41 iguruka. Tariki 27 Mata 2002 Air Afrique yaragurishijwe n’ibyayo byose maze ibihugu bigabana igihombo.

Appareil Air Afrique à l’aéroport de Roissy © SLIDE / Sipa Press

Amababa y’indege ya Air Afrique ku Kibuga cya Roissy Charles De Gaulle i Paris © SLIDE / Sipa Press

HAKIZIMANA Maurice: II Kanda hano ujye unkurikira kuri  channel on WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaCyM5ILdQejDYwQ2b2

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