Umuderi wo gutereka ubwanwa wagarutse: dore Amateka y’ubwanwa hano.

December 18, 2023

Abarebye: 3,561

GUTEREKA UBWANWA: Ni umudeli bamwe banga urunuka, babona ko ari umwanda, kandi ko ari bibi rwose. Ni mu gihe ariko abandi bo bakunda ubwanwa bwabo byabuze akagero, bakanezezwa no kubukorakora,kubusukura, no kubuconga uko babyifuza. Mu myaka itari myinshi, isi muri rusange yabonaga abagabo bateretse ubwanwa nk’ibirara, abantu bananiranye, cyangwa ibyigomeke.

Ubu ariko biri guhinduka. Iperereza rya vuba aha rigaragaza ko 92% by’abagabo bari mu kigero cy’imyaka 25-34 basigaye birimbisha gutereka ubwanwa.Gutereka ubwanwa kandi birenze ibyo kurimba, kuko byabaye ikimenyetso kigaragaza umugabo nyamugabo muri iki kinyejana. Abagabo 53% mu barengeje imyaka 35 batereka ubwanwa, abagabo 60% mu barengeje imyaka 50 batereka ubwanwa .

Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Ositarariya buhishura ko gutereka ubwanwa bigabanya ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’imirasire yangiza(imirasire ya UV) kandi bigakingira abagabo benshi kurwara za kanseri z’uruhu nyinshi. Ubwanwa bujya bunakumira indwara z’ubuhumekero,kuko bubuza imikungugu itera nyinshi mu ndwara zifata ibihaha kwinjira mu mubiri.

Reka mbanyuriremo muri make Amateka y’Ubwanwa

Ku ifoto: Uko ubwanwa na musitashe byagiye bikundwa mu kinyejana cya 16 n’icya 17

Ubwanwa ni ikimenyetso cy’umugabo nyamugabo wese(nk’uko bivugwa n’abahanga muri siyansi yiga iby’inkomoko).Gutereka ubwanwa byigeze kugerwaho mu isi y’imideli, kandi biba itegeko mu bihugu n’amadini yo mu bihe bitandukanye mu mico itandukanye, kuva mu myaka ya kera cyane.

Ubwanwa bwagiye bubonwa nk’ikimenyetso cy’ubumana n’ubutware bw’ikirenga.Muri Egiputa ya kera (mu Misiri), Farawo (umwami) na nyina(Umugabekazi) bambaraga binyuranye na rubanda.Farawo kandi yambaraga ubwanwa bw’ubukorano ku kananwa (barbe postiche).

Pharaon yambaye uræus, némés n’ ubwanwa bw’ubukorano

Mu Bugereki bwa kera,gutereka ubwanwa ku basirikare cyari ikimenyetso cy’umugabo utari ikiremba n’umugabo w’intwari. Abahanga mu bya filozofiya (bo muri Atene),babonaga ubwanwa nk‘ikimenyetso cy’umuntu ufite ubwenge bwinshi n’ ubunararibonye. Ubwanwa n’umusatsi bisukuye byari ikimenyetso cy’umugabo « uhesha agaciro umuco wa Kigereki » kandi bikagaragaza ko ari mu “cyiciro” kiyubashye

Épictète

Umuhanga muri filozofiya witwaga Épictète yigeze kunenga iby’Umwami w’Abami witwaga Domitien yari yadukanye byo gutegeka ko abahanga bose mu bya filozofiya biyogoshesha ubwanwa maze agira ati “Nahitamo ko banca umutwe aho gukora ku bwanwa bwanjye”. Abahanga mu bya filozofiya bose bafashe iy’ubuhungiro banga kogoshwa. Kuri Épictète , ubwanwa bwiza buyagirana ni ikimenyetso cy’uko uri umugabo utari umugore.

Turebye mu Idini rya Kiyahudi,gutereka ubwanwa byahoze kuva na kera ari ikimenyetso cy’ubwenge no kwiyubaha mu bandi ndetse bemeraga ko mu buryo bw’umwuka, ubwanwa bwatumaga habaho kudakumirwa kw’umwuka mwiza mu mutima, kw’ibitekerezo mu bikorwa, kw’ inyigisho mu kuzishyira mu ngiro.

Umuzingo wa Talmud i Yerusalemu, Guéniza du Caire.

«Ntimuziyogosheshe impera z’ubwanwa»–Abalewi 21:5

Kwiyogoshesha ubwanwa n’umusatsi byari ikimenyetso cy’uko bari mu gahinda, mu cyunamo.Reba mu gitabo cya Ezekiyeli :

« None rero mwana w’umuntu, shaka inkota ityaye, uyikoreshe nk’icyuma cyogosha, uyinyuze ku mutwe wawe no ku bwanwa bwawe. ». Ezekiyeli 5:1

«Ubwanwa ni umwambaro wo kurimba w’umugabo ».–Biri muri Talmud

Kogosha ubwanwa

Alexandre le Grand (umwami w’abami mu Bugiriki) yategetse abasirikare be bose kogosha ubwanwa bakamaraho mbere yo kujya ku rugamba kugirango nibiba ngombwa ko barwanisha amaboko abanzi babo batayikurura bikabagora gutsinda .

Mu Baroma bo mu kinyejana cya mbere,bogoshaga ubwanwa bakabumaraho bose, nyuma y’igihe umudeli wo kubutereka uragaruka ariko bawuharira abagabo barengeje imyaka 40 nk’umurimbo wabo n’ikimenyetso cy’ubukure n’ubunararibonye; nyuma y’igihe, ubwanwa bwaje kuba “ikimenyetso kigaragaraza umuntu wize,ujijutse kandi wo mu cyiciro cy’abavuga rikijyana hakubiyemo abami n’ibikomangoma ”.Abandi bagabo bo muri rubanda rwa giseseka bagombaga kogosha ubwanwa bakamaraho.

Mu kinyejana cya 18, umu Tsar witwaga Petero wa I w’Uburusiya, nanone uzwi nka Pierre le Grand, yashatse kwisanisha n’Ibihugu byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi maze aca ibyo gutereka ubwanwa, abikora ashyiraho umusoro w’Ubwanwa.We ubwe yogoshe ubwanwa bwa bwamwe mu batware be bashatse kwanga iyo bwirizwa.

Tsar waje kuba umwami w’abami w’Uburusiya kuva kuya 7/5/ 1682 – 8/02/1725

Mu Burusiya bwa nyuma ya Pierre le Grand, ubwanwa bwaragarutse ariko bugaruka ari ubw’abagashize gusa, abakire,abatware,abakuru b’ingabo, n’abayobozi ba Kiliziya bakuru gusa. Umuturage usanzwe yagombaga kogosha akamaraho ubwanwa bwe.

Ahandi ku mugabane w’i Burayi bwo mu myaka ya 1510-1520, ubwanwa na musitashe (ubwanwa bwo ku mazuru) bwongeye kuba umudeli ukomeye cyane i Bwami bwa Italiya (ubwanwa bwa Cyami n’ubwanwa bw’imfula z’i Bwami ), mbere y’uko bwemererwa abandi bagabo nyuma y’imyaka myinshi.

Hano mu Bufaransa umwami François I^er yagaruye umudeli wo gutereka ubwanwa burebure kuva muri 1521 ariko Abafaransa baza kugenda babuvaho buhoro buhoro mu kinyejana cya 17 igihe badukanaga ibyo kurimba za perike (perruque) mu Bufaransa no mu Burayi muri rusange.

François I^er umwami w’Ubufaransa kuva kuya 01/01/ 1515 – 31 /03/ 1547

Ubwanwa bwagarutse ku mudeli mu Bihugu by’abazungu bo mu Burengerazuba bw’isi mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 19 kugeza mu Ntambara ya mbere y’Isi yose. Gutereka ubwanwa byagarukanye imbaraga mu myaka ya za 1960 na za 1970 biza ariko ari ikimenyetso cyo kwivumbura no kwigomeka ku mategeko ya sosiyete muri rusange, igihe Isi yo mu Burengerazuba (ibihugu by’iburayi na Amerika) byari birimo byubaka umuco bihuriyeho mu isi.

***Abasirikare b’Ubufaransa bo muri Legiyoni Mpuzamahanga***

Soma n’ibi: Moustache, “ubwanwa bw’igikundiro” bw’ “icyubahiro”! Nawe ni ko ububona se?

Ubwanwa na musitashe(moustaches) ubu bigezweho cyane,bigaragazwa n’ukuntu bikunzwe mu isi yo muri iki gihe,kuko bisa nk’umwambaro wambara ukarimba uko ushatse igihe ubishakiye,ukabuconga neza uko ubyumva,wahaga umuderi umwe ubutaha ugahindura gutyo gutyo mbese uko ubishatse. Ubu ibigo byinshi na za Leta bisigaye byemerera abantu biyubashye cyane kugumana ubwanwa bwabo na moustaches uko babyumva.

Mwalimu Hakizimana Maurice n’ubwanwa bwe bwa moustache buconze neza

Umu filozofe Friedrich Nietzsche n’ubwanwa bwe bwa moustache bwiyubashye cyane.

Ubwanwa mu madini

Dusubire inyuma gato mu Kinyejana cya 4 nyuma y’ivuka rya Yesu. Mbere yaho abanyabugeni bashushanyaga Yesu/Yezu nta bwanwa afite ariko kuva icyo gihe byarahindutse batangira gukora amashusho ya Yezu asa nk’abandi bayahudi bose, afite ubwanwa n’imisatsi myinshi. Uko ni ko umugabo wese w’Umuyahudi yabaga asa. Naho Abaroma bo basaga ukwabo,barogoshaga bakamaraho ubwanwa mu gihe cya Yesu.

Twavuga twemeza rero ko Yesu yari umugabo ufite ubwanwa bugaragara ndetse ko abigishwa be nabo bose babuterekaga mbese nk’uko umuco wa Kiyahudi bavukiyemo wabibasabaga. Abayahudi bahindukaga Abakristo bakomezaga gutereka ubwanwa bwabo, bakaguma no ku muco wabo wo gukunda ubwanwa no kuburimba. Abanyamahanga (abatari Abayahudi) babaga Abakristo ariko bo ntibategekwaga gutereka ubwanwa,bo bahitagamo kubwogosha cyangwa kubureka.

Ishusho ya Yesu, mu isura y’Umuyahudi mu bandi, afite ubwanwa bwe bufite isuku

| Ese Yesu yabayeho koko?

Turebe mu idini ya Isilamu

Mu idini ya Isilamu , gutereka ubwanwa byitwa Sounnah (bivuga umuco karande) wa Muhamedi nawe wari ubufite kandi agasaba n’abigishwa be kubutereka. Korowani Ntagatifu ntitegeka Abayisilamu gutereka ubwanwa ariko Umuhanuzi Muhamedi we arabibategeka, aho ategeka bose kureka ubwanwa bukamera nka kubukoma muri hadisi (hadith) imwe agira ati :

« Mureke ubwanwa bwanyu bukure nta kubukoma, muconge neza moustaches zanyu, mugire isura inyuranye n’iy’abemeramana nyinshi ».

Urugero Muhamadi yasigiye Abizera bo mu idini ya Isilamu rwo gutereka ubwanwa nta kubukoma, rukurikizwa n’Abayisilamu b’igitsina gabo bose bagize amahirwe yo kubumera,ubwanwa bukababera ikimenyesto kibaranga kandi kigaragaza icyubahiro cya kigabo .

Tariki 27/09/1996 igihe Kaboul yigarurirwaga n’Abatalibani, Leta y’inzibacyuho ya Gitalibani yaciye iteka ry’Ubwanwa mu magambo akurikira :

« Birabujijwe kogosha ubwanwa ku mugabo wese, cyangwa kubugabanya bikabije. Uzafatwa akananwa ke kambaye ubusa,cyangwa kariho utwanwa duke, azoherezwa muri gereza kugeza igihe ubwanwa bwe buzongera kumerera bukareshya n’uburebure bw’ikiganza. »

Wari uzi ko?

Ubwanwa bwawe bukura ho 0,27 mm buri munsi kugeza kugeze kuri 30 cm uramutse utabwendereje ngo ubwogoshe cyangwa ubupfure? Uwo muvuduko wo gukura k’ubwanwa wiyongera mu myaka y’amabyiruka kugeza ku myaka 35–40,hanyuma umuvuduko wabwo ugahama hamwe kugeza ku myaka 70,ni uko noneho ugasubira inyuma.Ubwanwa bumera vuba vuba mu mpeshyi igihe umubiri uba uri gukora imisemburo ya Andorojeni.

Ni bande bafite agahigo ko gutereka ubwanwa burebure kurusha abandi bose mu isi ?

Muri iki gihe agahigo mu rwego rw’isi ko gutereka ubwanwa burebure gafitwe na bwana Hans Langseth (1846-1927), Umunya Norveje ufite ubwenegihugu bwa Amerika; uburebure bw’ubwanwa bwe bwareshyaga na 5,33 m , hari mu mwaka wa 1927. Uyu munya Noruveji yaraze ubwanwa bwe ikigo cya Smithsonian Institution cy’i Washington.

Umunyagahigo wo mu Bufaransa mu gutereka ubwanwa burebure ni Bwana Coulon (Vandenesse 1826 – Montluçon 1916), amazina ye nyauri akaba Louis Coulon, uyu wahoze akora muri Usines Saint-Jacques rw’ahitwa Montluçon. Muri 1889, ikinyamakuru La Nature, cyasohoye ifoto ye afite ubwanwa bureshya na 2,32 m. Tariki 24/02/1899,yagaragaye ku ifoto nini cyane ku mapaji yo ku gifubiko y’ikinyamakuru Journal Illustré : yari afite ubwanwa bureshya na 3,35 m yajyaga ajya gukarabiriza mu ruzi rwitwa Cher.

Ifoto ya Louis Coulon ateruye agapusi ke mu mwaka wa 1890

Gutereka ubwanwa hari aho bibujijwe n’aho byemewe mu gisirikare

Gutereka ubwanwa ntibyemewe mu ngabo z’u Rwanda RDF kimwe no mu ngabo za Amerika, Philippines,Koreya y’Epfo,Siriya , Noruveje , Suwede, Libani , na Isiraheli. Mu ngabo za Singapour bemera ubwanwa bwa moustaches gusa,ntibemera ubwanwa.

Gutereka ubwanwa biremewe cyane mu ngabo z’ibihugu byinshi byo ku mugabane w’i burayi,twavuga nko mu ngabo z’Ububiligi, Otirishe, Korowasiya , Ceke ,Danimarike,Esitoniya, Ingabo z’Ubufaransa hamwe n’iza Kanada, ariko amabwiriza avuga ko ubwanwa na moustache bigomba gucongwa neza ntibishokonkore.

Abofisiye bashya bashoje amasomo ya gisirikare muri Collège militaire royal du Canada

Ingabo z’Uburusiya 1856, printed c. 1889-1891

Gutereka ubwanwa bigezweho muri iki gihe : Dore amafoto agaragaza imideli yo kubwogosha no kubuconga neza ukarimba

Style No.1: La barbe de trois jours (Ubwanwa buke,bukimera)

Style No 2: Barbiche cyangwa Bouc ubwanwa butendera,umudeli wa Ruhaya,burakunzwe cyane.

Style No 3: Favoris. Uyu ni Elvis Presley umuhanzi wo muri Amerika wogoshe favoris muri za 1970.

Style No 4: Barbe à la Souvorov . Uyu ni Lemmy Kilmister,wogoshe Souvorov

Style No 5: La barbe Impériale

Style No 6: La barbe complète

Ihere ijisho andi mafoto y’abasore n’abagabo b’abirabura cyangwa b’aba métis barimbye gutereka no guconga ubwanwa mu mideli itandukanye

Byifashe bite kuri wowe? Ese ukunda gutereka no guconga ubwanwa neza cyane ukaburimba kakahava cyangwa urabwanga,uhitamo kogosha neza ukabutsembaho ukamera nk’umwana muto? Ubona ute kuba muri iki gihe gutereka ubwanwa birimo kugaruka byihuta cyane mu isi?

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