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Isomo rya sismologie/Imitingito(igice cya gatatu):IBIPIMO BYA RICHTER NI IKI? ESE UWO RICHTER WE NI NDE? BAPIMA GUTE IMITINGITO.

April 9, 2023
professormaurice
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Hakizimana Maurice

Mu gice cya mbere: niba wacikanywe n’igice cya mbere  kanda hano ubanze ugisome neza, gisobanura uko umubumbe w’isi uteye,n’impamvu isi ijya inyeganyega:

Mu gice cya kabiri:niba wacikanywe n’igice cya kabiri,kanda hano ubanze ugisome neza, gisobanura Nyirabayazana w’ibyitwa Ibiza kamere, imitingito,n’ibindi.

IBIPIMO BYA RICHTER

Richter uwo ni umu sismologue wavumbuye ibipimo(urwego/échelle) bipima ubukana bw’umutingito ni ukuvuga imbaraga wakoresheje mu gutigisa isi (énergie des ondes sismiques).

Ibipimo bye bikoreshwa kuva muri 1935. Mbere ye bavugaga ibipimo bya MERCALLI, wamubanjirije gutanga Ibipimo ariko ibye byapimaga ibisigazwa by’ibyasenywe na wo akabona kuvuga uko wari umeze.

RICHTER we yaje atanga imibare ifatika (équation logarithmique) ashingiye ku bipimo byafashe amajwi hakoreshejwe icyuma bita sismographe (cyo mu bwoko bwa Wood-Anderson (pt)).

Icyo cyuma cyaje cyoroshya akazi kuko gipima neza neza ingufu ziri burekurwe n’umutingito zikaba zanatanga umuburo mbere gato y’uko uba.

Dore ibipimo n’uburemere bwabyo ukurikije ubuhanga bwa bwana Charles F. Richter:

¶Kuva kuri 1 kugera kuri 3:isi iratigita hafi y’abantu bose ntubabyumve, ntibanabimenye.Ibyo biba buri gihe.

¶Kuva kuri 4 kugera kuri 5: aho ho buri wese arawumva ariko yumva ununyenga gusa,ntacyo wangiza cyane keretse ibikabije gusondekwa,

¶Kuva kuri 6 kugera kuri 7: ibi biba icyago,kuko usenya ibiri mu nzira yawo byose ukabishyira hasi,

¶Kuva kuri 8 ho, umutingito wambukiranya imipaka ukumvikanira kure cyane ari nako ukora ibara,

¶Iyo wageze kuri 9 kuzamura: Uba warengeje Ibipimo, ntusenya gusa,ahubwo ugira intabire imigi burundi,kandi ku buso bunini.Ibipimo bya Richter ntibigira aho birangirira, ushobora kurenza 9.

Mu by’ukuri, umutingito wakabije ubugome kurusha indi yose wageze ku bipimo 9,5—hari mu mwaka wa 1960 icyo wahinduye intabire Valdivia muri Chili.

Umutingito uheruka wabaye tariki 6 uku kwezi kwa 2, 2023 wangije byinshi ugatwara ubuzima bw’abantu basha 45.000 muri Turukiya na Siriya wari ufite ubukana (magnitude) bwa 7,8.

Profeseri Hakizimana Maurice ni umwarimu w’umwuga warangije icyiciro gihanitse(masters Meef) mu burezi muri Université Catholique de Paris no mu bumenyamuntu muri Sorbonne Université,akaba yigisha amashuri makuru mu Bufaransa.Wamukurikira kandi kuri : Facebook,Twitter na Instagram

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