PENALTY (penalty kick), également appelé coup de pied de réparation en français, est une loi 14 du football, loi qui fait partie des dix-sept « lois du jeu ») qui régissent le football comme décretés par l’IFAB (International Football Association Board).
C’est une punition (ou penalty) qu’on inflige à une equipe quand un joueur commet une faute passible d’un coup franc direct dans sa propre surface de réparation ou en dehors du terrain dans le cadre du jeu. Un penalty est ordonné lorsque un attaquant créée intentionnellement un contact avec le défenseur avec lequel il est au duel. Je ne vais pas faire cours de comment ça se passe le penalty,ce que vous connaissez sans doute. Mais qui en est l’inventeur ? C’est ce qui m’intéresse!
Je vous présente M.William McCrum l’inventeur du penalty
Il s’appelle William McCrum, un footballeur nord-irlandais, né le 7 février 1865 à Milford et mort le 21 décembre 1932 à Armagh. C’est bien lui l’inventeur du « Penalty Shot » au football.Il a été membre de l’Association irlandaise de football.
Pourquoi l’a-t-il fait?
Le monsieur était inquiet de la flambée de violence sur les terrains. Il a inventé cette loi en1890, en tant que membre de l’Association irlandaise de football de l’époque pour instaurer un coup de pied arrêté pour calmer les consciences.
L’histoire du feu William McCrum remonte au XIXe siècle, quand la FIFA n’existait pas encore. En 1890, ce gardien de but du Milford Everton FC, effrayé de la violence de plus en plus répandue qui sévit dans sa surface de réparation (jusqu’à parfois causer la mort !), il a imaginé ce coup de pied arrêté pour sanctionner l’équipe fautive. Après avoir imposé son idée au niveau local, « Master Willie » persuade la Fédération irlandaise, dont il est membre, de la soumettre à l’International Football Association Board (IFAB), l’organe garant des règles du football.
William McCrum avait proposé le concept du penalty à l’IFAB, en 1890. Jack Reid, secrétaire général de la Fédération nord-irlandaise de football avait alors déposé ce texte original de William McCrum :
«Si un joueur fait trébucher ou retient un adversaire, ou touche délibérément la balle de la main à moins de 12 yards (11 mètres) de sa propre ligne de but, l’arbitre doit accorder immédiatement à l’équipe adverse un coup de pied de pénalité, qui sera tiré de n’importe quel point situé à 12 yards de la ligne de but, conformément aux conditions suivantes: Tous les joueurs à l’exception du joueur tirant le pénalty et du gardien doivent se tenir derrière le ballon, à au moins 6 yards (5 mètres) ; la balle est remise en jeu une fois le penalty frappé. Un but peut être marqué sur un coup de pied de pénalité.»
Le 2 juin 1891, un an plus tard, après certaines modifications,la loi a été adopté. Aujourd’hui, le penalty demeure la quatorzième des dix-sept lois du jeu. La FIFA remercie William McCrum.
La FIFA a accepté de financer la restauration de sa tombe dans le petit village nord-irlandais d’Armagh, laissée à l’abandon. Ruiné et rejeté par sa famille, William McCrum était mort sans le sou en 1932, après avoir perdu ses dernières économies dans les casinos.
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